With the development of metallurgical technology and the evolution of rolling equipment, the variety and manufacturing technology of roll are developing. In the Middle Ages, low strength gray cast iron rolls were used for rolling soft Non-ferrous metal. In the middle of the 18th century, England mastered the production technique of cold-setting cast iron rolls for rolling steel plates. The improvement of steel-making technology in Europe in the second half of the 19th century required that the strength of both gray cast iron and chilled cast iron rollers could not meet the requirements for rolling larger ingots. The roll with carbon content of 0.4% ~ 0.6% was born. The appearance of heavy forging and pressing equipment makes the strength and toughness of the forging roll of this kind of component be further improved. The use of alloying elements and the introduction of heat treatment in the early 20th century significantly improved the wear resistance and strength and toughness of cast and forged steel hot and cold rolls. The surface quality of hot rolled strip was improved by adding molybdenum into cast iron roll. The core strength of the casting roll is improved obviously by compound pouring with flushing method.
     It was after World War II that alloy elements were widely used in rolls, this is the result of the development of large-scale, continuous, high-speed and automatic rolling equipment, and the higher requirements for the roll properties after the increase of the strength and deformation resistance of the rolled products. During this period there have been semi-steel roll and Ductile Iron Roll. After 1960s, the powder tungsten carbide roller was developed successfully. In the early 1970s, centrifugal casting and differential temperature heat treatment were widely used in Japan and Europe to improve the comprehensive properties of roll. Compound high chromium cast iron rolls are also successfully used in hot strip mills. At the same time, forged white iron and semi-steel rolls were used in Japan. In the 1980s, high chromium steel rolls, cold rolls with ultra-deep hardening layer and special alloy cast iron rolls for fine rolling of small section steel and wire rod were introduced in Europe. The development of modern rolling technology promotes the development of roll with higher performance. Centrifugal casting and new composite methods such as continuous casting composite CPC, spray deposition Osprey, electroslag welding and hot isostatic pressing have been used to produce composite rolls with high strength and toughness in the core, ductile cast iron, high speed steel in the outer layer and cermet rolls in the new generation of profile, wire and strip mills in Europe and Japan respectively.
     China began to mass produce cast rolls in the 1930s, but there are few kinds. In the late 1950s, a professional roll mill was set up in Xingtai, Hebei Province. In 1958, Anshan Iron & Steel Group Corporation developed and used the 1050 heavy nodular cast iron roller for blooming. In the 1960s, cold work rolls and heavy forged steel rolls were successively produced. In the late 1970s, the Taiyuan Iron & Steel and the Beijing Iron and Steel Research Institute successfully developed Centrifugal cast iron rolls for steckel mills and hot strip mills, the semi-steel work roll for hot wide strip mill and the work roll for cold wide strip mill have been trial-produced by Xingtai Metallurgical Machinery Roll Co. . In the 1980s, China has successively developed new kinds of large forged steel backup rolls, forged semi-steel and forged white cast iron rolls, powdered tungsten carbide rolls, high chromium cast iron rolls, etc. . By the 1990s, China's roll production has basically met the domestic needs and some of the export, but the variety to be increased, the quality must be improved. Roll Pass, cast roll, roll diameter